Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsim ntawm nickel alloying yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho kev ua haujlwm. Lub hauv paus alloys yog cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev ua haujlwm superalloy, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv aerospace thiab kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam, xws li kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub xws li aero-engines, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb vim tias muaj ntau yam alloys tuaj yeem yaj. nyob rau hauv cov nickel-raws li alloy, thiab tuaj yeem tswj cov qauv zoo, uas muab ntau txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm nickel-based superalloy. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tau muab cov kev xav tau siab dua rau cov nickel-based superalloy. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ceev cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm nickel-based superalloy, txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo.
1. Kev daws lub zog
Lub ntsiab txhais tau tias kom ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom ntawm npib tsib xee-raws li superalloy yog ntxiv cov khoom tsim nyog cov ntsiab lus ntxiv dag zog. Cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog rau cov hlau muaj oxidation zoo heev thiab qaug zog, thiab zoo plasticity. Raws li cov yam ntxwv no, nickel-based superalloys tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom hlau nrog kub ua haujlwm siab, xws li cov hniav cav. Lub atomic radius ntawm npib tsib xee yog ze rau cov hlau alloy xws li tungsten thiab molybdenum. Raws li cov yam ntxwv no, ntau cov alloying ntsiab xws li tungsten, molybdenum, thiab cobalt tuaj yeem yaj hauv npib tsib xee tib lub sijhawm yam tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov theem tshiab. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov kev daws teeb meem kub ntau ntawm cov hlau feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1050 thiab 1560. Tebchaws Asmeskas tau tsim cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem ntxiv dag zog rau alloy nickel puag deformation superalloy Haynes280, qhov no alloy ntawm 1400 kub kub, lub zog mus txog 165MPa elongation mus txog 87. feem ntau yog vim qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov hlau refractory hauv cov hlau, xws li tungsten thiab chromium thiab lwm yam khoom; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib qho me me ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntxiv rau hauv cov carbide, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov nplej thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov ciam teb. Cov txiaj ntsig tseem qhia tau tias lub zog ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv cov nyiaj ntau ntawm molybdenum thiab lwm yam hlau refractory. Lub microstructure stability ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv ruthenium. Los ntawm kev ntxiv qee yam ntawm cov hlau refractory xws li tungsten, qhov corrosion kuj ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej. Lub oxidation corrosion kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo los ntawm kev ntxiv qee yam ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj.
2. Kev txhim kho nag lossis daus thiab ua kom tawg
'-Ni3 (Al, Ti)) theem tuaj yeem ua rau nag lossis daus los ntawm kev ntxiv qee cov nag lossis daus ntxiv rau cov nickel-based superalloy thaum laus, uas ua rau lub zog ntawm cov hlau zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm, cov nag lossis daus yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev sib sau thiab loj hlob, thiab qee qhov ntawm lawv tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov matrix dua, yog li txo qhov kub ntawm lub zog. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, npib tsib xee-based superalloys nrog dispersion ntxiv dag zog rau oxides tau them ntau xim. Cov hlau no feem ntau yog siv cov txheej txheem kev sib xyaw ua ke, tau txais ultrafine (tsawg dua 50 nm) nyob rau hauv qhov kub-kub stability ntawm oxide tusyees dispersed nyob rau hauv ib tug matrix ntawm zn-al alloy microstructure Lub alloy lub zog nyob rau hauv cov kev mob ntawm ze rau lub melting. point alloy nws tus kheej, tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo heev kub creep kev ua tau zoo tshaj qhov kub-kub oxidation tsis kam thiab tsis kam rau carbon sulfur corrosion. Tam sim no, muaj peb hom nickel-based superalloys uas tau ua lag luam. MA956 alloy muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws oxidation tsis kam thiab carbon thiab sulfur corrosion kuj ntawm superalloys, uas yuav siv tau raws li lub hauv ob sab phlu ntawm combustion chamber ntawm aeroengines.
